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Prospek Budidaya Kedelai pada Lahan Sawah Tadah Hujan dan Sawah Irigasi Sederhana untuk Peningkatan Produksi Kedelai di Indonesia

机译:印度尼西亚通过雨灌稻田和简单灌溉稻田种植大豆以提高大豆产量的前景

摘要

Development of soybean in acidic dry soils having problems because the soil is relatively infertile. Further more in the irrigated paddy field especially technical irrigation, soybean commodity got competition from other commodities, especially rice on the RainySeason and other commodities, such as corn and water melon on the Dry Season. This review describes the prospects of rainfed and simple irrigated rice field for the development and improvement of soybean production in Indonesia. Of 7,750,329 ha of total rice fields in Indonesia, rainfed rice field covers 2,017,642 ha (26.03%) and simple irrigated rice field1, 588,051 ha (20.49%). Distribution ofthe two types of rice field in a row in some provinces are as follows: Central Java (273,973 and 195,072 ha), East Java (242,562 and 119,019 ha), West Java (161,859 and 250,855 ha), Banten (88,672 and 42,602 ha), North Sumatra (149,547 and 120,835 ha), and South Sulawesi (247,191 and 156,393 ha). Rainfed and simple irrigated rice field with fluctuating water availability appropriate to cultivate onetime rice and one-time secondary crops. Recommended secondary crops in the rainfed and simplel irrigated rice field, such as corn and soybeans. In the Island of Java, in the cropping pattern of Rice-soybean, rice grown in the Wet Season and soybeans in the first Dry Season.While in the cropping patern of Soybean-rice, soybeans planted in early Rainy Season before planting rice. The advantages of soybean cultivation in rainfed and simple irrigated rice field can increase the harvest index (IP), breaking the cycle of pests and diseases, improve efficiency (without or minimum tillage, utilizing there sidual fertilizer, weed grow this relatively unheavy, utilize the remaining soybeanas green manure). Soybean varieties that suitable for paddy fields generally have early to moderate maturity (75-95 days). Of 18 soybean varieties suitable for paddy field, including 10 varieties of large seed size (13.5 to 18.5 g/100 g) and favored by tempe and tofu maker. Soybean productivity in the rainfed or simple irrigated rice field reach 2.5-3.0 t/ha.Keywords: soybean; cultivation; rainfed rice field; simple irrgated rice field.
机译:在酸性干燥土壤中开发大豆存在问题,因为土壤相对不肥。在灌溉稻田中,尤其是在技术灌溉方面,大豆商品获得了其他商品的竞争,尤其是雨季的稻米和旱季的玉米和西瓜等其他商品。这篇综述描述了雨养和简单灌溉的稻田在印度尼西亚发展和改善大豆生产的前景。印度尼西亚的稻田总数为7,750,329公顷,其中旱作稻田为2,017,642公顷(占26.03%),而简单灌溉稻田则为588,051公顷(占20.49%)。在某些省份中,两种稻田的分布情况如下:中爪哇(273,973和195,072公顷),东爪哇(242,562和119,019公顷),西爪哇(161,859和250,855公顷),万丹(88,672和42,602公顷) ),北苏门答腊(149,547和120,835公顷)和南苏拉威西(247,191和156,393公顷)。雨养和简单的灌溉稻田,水量波动,适合种植一次性大米和一次性二次农作物。在雨育和简单灌溉的稻田中推荐的次要作物,例如玉米和大豆。在爪哇岛,稻米-大豆的种植模式是在湿季种植的稻米,而在第一个旱季则种植大豆。在大豆-稻米的种植模式下,大豆在雨季初就种植,然后再种植稻米。在雨育和简单灌溉的稻田中种植大豆的优点是可以提高收获指数(IP),打破病虫害的周期,提高效率(不耕作或少耕,少用耕种肥料,杂草使这种相对不重的作物生长,利用剩余的大豆绿肥)。适合稻田的大豆品种通常早熟至中熟(75-95天)。适用于稻田的18个大豆品种中,包括10个种子大小较大(13.5至18.5 g / 100 g)的品种,受到豆e和豆腐制造者的青睐。雨养或简单灌溉稻田的大豆生产力达到2.5-3.0吨/公顷。培养雨养的稻田简单的稻田。

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    Winardi, Winardi;

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